Both multiple exciton generation (MEG) in semiconductor nanocrystals and singlet fission (SF) in molecular chromophores have the potential to greatly increase the power conversion efficiency of solar cells for the production of solar electricity (photovoltaics) and solar fuels (artificial photosynthesis) when used in solar photoconverters. MEG creates two or more excitons per absorbed photon, a...

Knowing the types and amounts of fuels at a site is an important prerequisite to evaluating fire risk, predicting fire behavior, and assessing potential fire effects. When these assessments are expanded to larger extents, the spatial configuration of the landscape fuel mosaic must also be considered (Keane et al. 2000: Keane et al. 1998). Spatial patterns of fuels, topography, and wind all inte...

BACKGROUND Exposure to household air pollution from cooking with solid fuels in simple stoves is a major health risk. Modeling reliable estimates of solid fuel use is needed for monitoring trends and informing policy. OBJECTIVES In order to revise the disease burden attributed to household air pollution for the Global Burden of Disease 2010 project and for international reporting purposes, we...

Ð Promoting sustainable development requires evaluating the technical and policy options that will facilitate the adoption and use of energy ecient and less polluting cooking stoves and practices. The transition from traditional to modern fuels and devices has been explained by the ``energy ladder'' model that suggests that with increasing a‚uence, a progression is expected from traditional bi...

Ungulates exert a strong influence on the composition and diversity of vegetation communities. However, little is known about how ungulate browsing pressure interacts with episodic disturbances such as fire and stand thinning. We assessed shrub responses to variable browsing pressure by cattle and elk in fuels treated (mechanical removal of fuels followed by prescribed burning) and non-fuels tr...

ammonium carbonate and ammonium sulfate have been proposed and used as two new fuels for synthesizing gamma alumina nanoparticles. the prepared samples have been characterized by x-ray diffraction (xrd), 2 n  adsorption (bet) and transmission electron microscopy (tem). a comparison has been made between the properties of the nanoparticles synthesized by these two fuels and other conventional fu...

The occupational annual dose levels, encountered at fabrication of emerging nuclear fuels, have been studied. Emerging fuels for the single and multiple recycling of Pu and MA have resulted in considerably higher gamma and neutron doses in comparison with commercial fuels. The occupational dose limit is exceeded at fabrication by a single fuel rod in all fuel cases with (241)Am and Cm isotopes ...

Road vehicles account for a significant share of air emissions in today’s major urban centers. There are efforts by Philippine government to increase the usage of alternative fuels as substitutes for diesel oil. The most promising fuels include compressed natural gas (CNG) and biodiesel derived from coconut oil. The potential environmental benefits of these alternative fuels can be measured usi...